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Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) is characterized by scaly skin in the hair, face, and other areas of the body. Seborrheic dermatitis is the most common problem in adolescents, although it can also affect infants and adults. What are the causes and symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis? What is the treatment of PsA?

Seborrheic dermatitis(seborrheic eczema) is a chronic, recurring skin disease. Its essence is skin inflammation, which causes excessive exfoliation of the epidermis. People with overactive sebaceous glands have seborrheic skin (it is commonly called oily). PsA is seasonal, with frequent relapses in autumn and winter.

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) - causes

The cause ofseborrheic dermatitismay be increased activity of the sebaceous glands and the incorrect composition of sebaceous glands produced by them - this is what some specialists believe, there is no clear evidence for it.

Seborrheic dermatitismay also be associated with certain abnormalities and disorders of the immune system, which would be confirmed by the fact that PsA is more common in immunocompromised patients.

Inappropriate diet, personal hygiene, the impact of environmental pollution, lack of exposure to sunlight, hormonal disorders and stress are also responsible for the development or intensification of changes in the course of PsA.

There are also certain diseases that predispose toseborrheic dermatitis . These can include:

  • neurological diseases, including :
    • Parkinson's disease
    • nerve viii palsy
    • cavity of the core
  • mental disorders
    • depression
    • use of psychotropic drugs
  • alcoholism
  • HIV infections
  • neoplastic diseases of the digestive and respiratory tract
  • chronic diseases

According to many authors, one of the causative agents of PsA is excessive yeast colonizationMalasseziaspp.

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) - symptoms

The symptom of the disease is a slight erythema accompanied by exfoliation (often quite strong) of the epidermis. The scales are greasy, yellow. In some cases, he is watchingthe formation of scabs.

The changes appear most often in the area of ​​the scalp (hair may be clumped and tangled, it becomes thinning), and then passes to the adjacent hairless skin and is located on the forehead along the hairline, within the eyebrows, behind the ears and in the nasolabial folds. In addition, eruptions may appear on the skin along the spine (seborrheic gutter) and in the sternum area. The edges of the eyelids may become inflamed.

With increased inflammation, there may be fissures and cuts, which are also a consequence of the often accompanying itching.

Infant seborrheic dermatitisstarts very early: 2-10 weeks of age. It is characterized by the presence of soft, greasy, yellow-gray scales and crusts on the scalp (so-called cradle cap). Sometimes the skin of the face, torso and limbs are affected - then the following appear:

  • tiny red lumps
  • erythematous-exfoliating plaques
  • conflagration
According to an expertDr. Elżbieta Szymańska, MD, a dermatologist

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is caused by fungi

Exfoliation of the epidermis is associated with the occurrence of yeasts. These are fungi that are part of the normal, physiological bacterial flora in he althy people. On the other hand, they develop excessively on seborrhoeic skin, causing irritation, redness and exfoliation.

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) - diagnosis

Seborrheic dermatitisis not the only disease associated with excessive exfoliation of the epidermis. The others are:

  • psoriasis
  • tinea
  • pink dandruff
  • allergic diseases

Therefore, sometimes the symptoms ofseborrheic dermatitismay be a sign of another disease. For this purpose, it is necessary to conduct specialized research and tests.

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) - treatment

PsA treatmentisdifficult therapeutic problemand depends on several factors:

  • patient's age
  • change locations
  • severity of the disease process

Both local treatment and general treatment are necessary. The latter option is reserved for patients whose skin lesions are very severe, do not respond to the current local treatment and are extremely recurrent. Only adults are treated with oral preparations. Can be used:

  • retinoids
  • antibiotics
  • derivativesimidazole
  • steroids in special situations

Treatment of dandruff andseborrheic dermatitiscauses dermatologists a lot of difficulties, mainly due to its chronic and recurrent nature. The treatment of these dermatoses is long-term, often unsatisfactory for patients, as the improvement is only temporary.

According to an expertDr. Elżbieta Szymańska, MD, a dermatologist

Seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis

These symptoms are often confused with psoriasis vulgaris. However, psoriasis also affects the elbows and knees, and seborrheic lesions are visible on the head and around the mustache and chin, eyebrows, nose wings, on the border of the hairy and hairless skin, as well as in places where there are the most sebaceous glands (on the sternum, between the shoulder blades). ). In seborrheic dermatitis, the lesions sometimes resolve spontaneously. Unfortunately, if left untreated, they tend to worsen. You should visit a dermatologist who will check the skin and recommend appropriate treatment.

Seborrhoeic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) - prevention

Patients should use ciclopiroxolamine or ketoconazole shampoos on a weekly basis for several months after their skin lesions have cleared. However, in extremely severe remission cases of PsA it is recommended to use 200 mg / 24 h. itraconazole on 2 consecutive days each month. Patients should also observe hygiene and proper care of the skin prone to activating the disease process.

According to an expertDr. Elżbieta Szymańska, MD, a dermatologist

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

Usually in such cases, topical creams with antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs are used, and sometimes additionally oral medications. At the beginning of the treatment, it is sometimes necessary to use an exfoliating preparation (such as salicylic oil) to make it easier for medicinal substances to access the epidermis. Relapseseborrheic dermatitisis prevented by proper care.

Do not forget to use medicated shampoos - mild, which on the label say that they are suitable for everyday care and contain exfoliating and antifungal substances.

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Category:

Dermatology