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What distinguishes women from men? Voice, silhouette, mindset. Behind these differences are female hormones. Thanks to them you are he althy, you feel young and attractive, you can become a mother. Find out what estrogens, progesterone, prolactin, androgens and thyroid hormones are responsible for.

Female sex hormonesmake you a woman. The human body produces over 100 hormones, each has a role to play. Somesex hormonesare responsible for growth, others for sugar and fat conversion, and others for emotions, maturation, and sexual appetite. Most are produced by both the female and the male body.

But several hormones are assigned exclusively to women and they determine the most important attributes of femininity. Since they are all closely related, it is important to keep your hormones at the right level and in balance for he alth, beauty and well-being.

Female hormones. Estrogens - a source of sex appeal

Estrogens are the basic female hormones. They are produced by the ovaries. Their concentration increases in the first phase of the cycle. Estrogens have a huge impact on femininity. They are responsible for the transformation of a girl into a woman - they are responsible for maturation and the occurrence of menstruation. They shape the female figure, make the hips widen and the breasts grow. They also contribute to the increase in the desire for sex.

It is thanks to, among others estrogenic skin is firm, taut and hydrated. They work together to form capillaries that supply the skin with oxygen and nutrients. They also inhibit seborrhea.

But the role of estrogens does not end there. They facilitate the deposition of calcium in the bones, which prevents osteoporosis, increases blood clotting and the amount of good cholesterol. Under the influence of estrogens, nitric oxide is released in blood vessels, which causes them to relax, which inhibits the development of atherosclerosis.

  • When there are not enough of them: problems with menstruation appear - the cycles become irregular. Too little of these hormones can also make it difficult to get pregnant.
  • When there are too many of them: you may start to gain weight, feel sick, even vomit, complain of feeling unwell. Too much estrogen can trigger migraines as well as menstrual disorders. Fortunately, excess estrogen is rare and usualbehind him are ovarian tumors.

Female hormones. Progesterone - my ally

Progesterone is, next to estrogen, an equally important hormone that makes menstruation regular. Progesterone levels increase in the second phase of the cycle. It is a hormone necessary for ovulation to occur. Its task is to prepare the uterus for implantation of the egg and then for the maintenance of pregnancy.

  • When there is not enough of it: your periods become irregular, sometimes you may experience heavy bleeding. When a woman is pregnant, progesterone deficiency can result in a miscarriage. Too little of this hormone usually occurs with ovarian failure.

Female hormones. Androgens - give you wings

Androgens are produced by the ovaries and adrenal glands. These hormones include androstenedione and testosterone. Androgens kick off the maturation process. The appearance of the skin also depends on them - when their concentration in the blood is high enough, it is smooth and he althy.

Androgens also affect the sex drive, promote the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, have a positive effect on the body's calcium metabolism. They add energy and strength to act and ensure well-being.

  • When there are not enough of them: as a result of a decrease in testosterone, well-being worsens, fatigue appears and self-esteem decreases. Interest in sex drops significantly.
  • When there are too many of them: the silhouette changes - there is excessive hair on the face, abdomen, breasts, acne, lowering of the voice. These ailments are characteristic of the polycystic ovary syndrome. High levels of androgens may also appear as a result of tumors of the adrenal glands or ovaries.

Female hormones. Prolactin - for the sake of the child

Prolactin is essential during pregnancy. The appropriate concentration of this hormone supports the functioning of the corpus luteum, which in turn produces progesterone - a hormone absolutely necessary for the maintenance of pregnancy. In addition, thanks to prolactin, the mammary glands of the future mother increase, and milk production begins after the birth.

  • When there is too much of it: breasts start to hurt - they become swollen and hypersensitive to touch. Galactorrhea (leakage of milk from the nipples) occurs when the woman is not pregnant at all. In addition, the excess of prolactin makes itself felt by cycle disorders. Menstruation becomes irregular, very tight, and may cease completely over time. Also, the desire for sex decreases. Vaginal dryness develops and intercourse becomes painful. Excess prolactin can also cause infertility. A high concentration of this hormoneis usually the result of a lot of stress or a pituitary tumor.
Important

When is it worth checking your hormone levels?

If you notice any of the symptoms that may indicate an excess or deficiency of one of the hormones, or have been trying to get pregnant for a long time, you should see an endocrinologist.

The concentration of hormones is determined by a blood test. But for the correct test result, it is not without significance at what point in the cycle you are at the time of blood collection. Even the time of the test is important, because the level of hormones changes throughout the day. The doctor should explain exactly when you should have your test.

Thyroid hormones make you beautiful

These three hormones - thyroxin, calcitonin, and triiodothyronine - are a woman's true friends. Triiodothyronine accelerates the metabolism, thus allowing the rapid burning of excessive calories, which results in a slim figure.

Thyroxine is a great ally of the skin. It keeps it in good condition, influences its nourishment and proper hydration. Thanks to this hormone, the skin is taut and supple.

In addition, women with normal thyroxine levels can boast shiny hair and a smooth skin without blemishes. Calcitonin, on the other hand, cares for the bones - it maintains calcium at the appropriate level, protecting against osteoporosis.

  • When there are not enough of them: you are dealing with the so-called hypothyroidism. The disease manifests itself in weight gain and a feeling of chronic fatigue. In addition, the mood swing is taking its toll. There are also puffiness, a constant feeling of cold. Women with undetected hypothyroidism often suffer from miscarriage.
  • When there are too many of them: it is the so-called overactive thyroid gland. It is most often manifested by rapid weight loss, hyperactivity and excessive sweating. This can be accompanied by insomnia and photosensitivity. Blood pressure rises and palpitations appear. Sometimes your period may stop.

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