The biceps brachii (Latin biceps) is a popular biceps. It is spindle-shaped, thick and roundish. As the name suggests, it has two heads that run from the scapula to the radial bone. When someone wants to symbolically demonstrate their strength, it is this muscle that usually flexes because it is clearly visible how it works when heavy loads are lifted and it is clearly visible through the skin.
The biceps muscle of the shoulder is a strong flexor that can be significantly strengthened by performing popular bicep exercises with a load. Interestingly, this muscle - contrary to its name - sometimes has more than two heads (even 10% of cases), and the places of its attachments can also change slightly.
Biceps arm - structure
The biceps muscle of the shoulder has a long head and a short head.
- The long head begins at the supra-acetabular tubercle of the scapulaandon the labrum . Then it runs to the side (towards the shoulder) and down the intercubular furrow of the humerus (covered by the intercubular synovial sheath).
- The short head begins at the coracoid process of the scapulawith a tendon that is fused with the tendon of the coracobrachialis (Latin coracobrachialis). The fibers of the short head of the two-headed arm run down to join the long head and form one spindle-shaped belly with it, which, just above the elbow joint, will turn into a strong aponeurosis of the two-headed arm.
- The end attachmentof the two-headed arm is located in the fascia of the forearmon the tuberosity of the radius .
There are several synovial bursae in the area of the tendons of the two-headed arm:
- radial biceps bursa , which lies between the tuberosity of the radius and the end tendon of the biceps and prevents the tendon from rubbing against the bone during turning and turning the forearm;
- interosseous ulnar bursabetween the ulna and the end tendon of the biceps arm, also prevents the tendon from rubbing against the bone when turning and turning the forearm.
Blood is supplied to the biceps of the armbranches of the axillary arteryandof the brachial artery .musculo-nerve is responsible for the innervation of the bicepsskin(C5-C7).
Biceps arm - feature
The biceps muscle of the shoulder isbiceps muscle - stretched over the shoulder and elbow joints . It affects the shoulder joint about a third less than the elbow joint.
In the shoulder jointbicepsraises the arm forward (flexion movement)with the help of mm. raven-brachial, deltoid (Latin deltoideus) and supraspinatus (Latin supraspinatus). Additionally,the long head turns the arm away and turns it inwards , andthe short head brings the shoulder , cooperating in this respect with the raven-brachial muscle.
In the elbow jointthe biceps is bothflexorandthe strongest muscle that inverts the forearm and hand to outside(from pronationto supination ). Biceps naturally supines the forearm first and then begins to bend it. The strength of the double-headed arm is best used when both the arm and the forearm are inverted (in supination). Additionally, the fascia of the two-headed arm (Latin aponeurosis m. Bicipitis brachii) during the contraction of the biceps tightens the fascia of the forearm and enlarges it by bending the muscle.
Bicep injuries
The biceps muscle of the shoulder is one of the most frequently trained muscles in armwrestling. Therefore, the most common injuries and injuries related to the biceps are related to its overload and they are:
- bicep strain ;
- bicep tear ;
- breaking biceps ;
The above injuries usually result from the lack of a proper warm-up and overestimating the capabilities of the double-headed arm.
Bicep exercises
The double-headed arm training is most effective when the forearm is flexed in the supination position of the arm and forearm. The best effect can be achieved by using exercises with additional resistance, for example in the form of a load - of course, adapted to your abilities. You can learn more about this in the article on biceps exercises:
Bibliography
Bochenek A., Reicher M., "Human Anatomy", volume I, PZWL Medical Publishing, Warsaw 2012.