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Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, ALAT, ALT, GPT, SGPT) is an intracellular enzyme necessary for the functioning of the cell. Check what are the ALAT standards in a biochemical test and what can be proved by the increase in ALAT activity.
Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, ALT, ALT, GPT, SGPT)occurs most often in liver cells, less often in skeletal muscle, myocardium and kidneys. The ratio of the activity level of AST to ALT allows the calculation of the de Ritis index, the value of which above or below one is suggestive of specific liver diseases.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT): norm
The standard for alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) in blood biochemistry is 5-40 U / I (85-680 nmol / l).
Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT): increased activity
An increase in ALAT activity in the range from 400 to 4000 U / l may indicate many diseases, including:
- viral hepatitis
- toxic liver damage
- circulatory failure
- hypoxia (tissue oxygen deficiency)
Values from 200 to 400 U / l may mean:
- hepatic cholestasis
- cirrhosis of the liver - parallel elevated AST values
- heart attack - much higher AST values
- primary carnitine deficiency
- infectious mononucleosis (maximum levels of ALT occur in the second week after infection, to return to the normal level in the fifth week
Increase is also observed when using many drugs - during treatment with high doses of salicylates and with long-term administration of fibrates and 1st generation sulfonylureas
ALAT values in the range of 40 to 200 U / l indicate physiological growth in newborns, but may also indicate:
- pancreatitis
- liver disease
- hemolysis (transfer of hemoglobin to plasma as a result of destruction, breakdown of erythrocytes)
The following may also lead to ALAT growth:
- skeletal muscle damage (e.g. crushing limbs, other injuries, myositis, less commonly muscular dystrophy,
- rhabdomyolysis in the course of poisoning and the use of certain drugs, especially statins, i.e. drugs that lower cholesterol)
- use of certain psychotropic drugs, such as agomelatine, amisulpride
- intense, strenuous physical exertion, strength training.