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Chronic otitis media is a severe form of chronic otitis media. In the course of the disease, cholesteatoma develops - a lumpy formation that leads to damage to the ossicles, and even to complete deafness. What are the causes and symptoms of chronic otitis media? What is the treatment?

Chronic otitis mediais a severe form of chronic otitis media with the development ofcholesteatoma -mass of epidermal deposits are easily infected (because they are a very good breeding ground for bacteria and other pathogens) and lead to the destruction of the ossicles and the surrounding structures.

Chronic otitis media - causes

Perloma can arise from the ingrowth of the epidermis (which normally covers the skin of the external auditory canal) into the middle ear through a defect that results from a perforation of the edge of the tympanic membrane (the so-called marginal perforation of the tympanic membrane). Perforation may occur, among others during the so-called malignant otitis media or exudative otitis.

The accumulation of epidermis from the ear canal and the formation of cholesteatoma may also occur in the so-called retraction pockets. They occur when the negative pressure in the tympanic cavity leads to the "pulling" of the tympanic membrane into its interior. In children, the most common cause of this type of deformation of the tympanic membrane is adenoid hypertrophy, and in adults, chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses or curvature of the nasal septum.

Rarely cholesteatoma is congenital that develops on the basis of persistent embryonic tissue in the rocky part of the temporal bone.

Chronic otitis media - symptoms

  • earache,
  • feeling bloated in ears,
  • tinnitus,
  • dizziness,
  • foul discharge of mucopurulent discharge from the ear,
  • hearing loss or even complete deafness.
Important

Perlocular otitis media - serious complications

Chronic otitis media may widen the conditioninflammation of the surrounding tissues. This process can lead to development:

  • labyrinthitis;
  • acute mastoiditis (the part of the skull directly behind the auricle);
  • paralysis of the facial nerve, and further to impaired movements of the muscles of the half of the face;

However, the most dangerous, life-threatening complications of chronic cholesteatoma are thrombophlebitis of the sinus (may lead to sepsis) and meningitis, and abscesses of the brain and cerebellum.

Chronic otitis media - diagnosis

If a disease is suspected, an otoscopic examination is performed, in the course of which the destruction of the tympanic membrane, ossicles and sometimes the temporal bone are visible. In addition, the ear is moist, and when cleaning it with a mammal, the accumulated mass of the epidermis is sucked off along with the secretion.

Chronic otitis media - treatment

Treatment of chronic otitis media involves excision of all diseased tissues, i.e. cholesteatoma, inflamed lining of the ear, and damaged ossicles and bones.

During the same procedure, the otosurgeon can reconstruct the ear's conducting system, ie the eardrum and ossicles, to improve the patient's hearing. However, this type of surgery is usually performed after the ear has healed completely, i.e. after about half a year.

Dizziness and nausea may occur for the first 24 hours after the treatment. Sometimes the feeling of dizziness may last a little longer (up to a few days after the surgery).

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