Gas measurement (blood gas test) is a test that allows you to diagnose and monitor COPD, asthma, and acid-base disturbances in the body. Check what are the norms in the blood gas test and as evidenced by the blood pH below or above the norm.

Blood gasis a test ordered to confirm diseases that affect breathing (such as asthma and COPD). Blood pH is checked for people who have had acute infections, as well as those suffering from liver and kidney diseases.

People who show symptoms of acid-base imbalance, have respiratory problems, suffer from metabolic diseases, have had a head or neck injury, general anesthesia, or brain or heart surgery, are referred for gasometry.

Blood is drawn from an artery in your wrist, arm, or thigh to test your blood gas levels. In rare cases, blood drawn from a vein is tested.

Gas measurement: results and standards

This test is marked with:

  • pH (normal arterial blood: 7.35-7.45; venous blood: 7.32-7.42)
  • Carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) (standard 35-45 mm Hg; 4.7-6.0 kPa)
  • Total Plasma Carbon Dioxide (T CO2) - (Normal arterial blood: 23-27 mmol / L; Venous blood: 25-29 mmol / L.)
  • Partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) 0 (normal arterial blood: 80-100 mmHg; venous blood: 25-40 mmHg)
  • Saturation (Sat O2) - (normal arterial blood: 96-97%; venous blood: 40-70%)
  • Current concentration of bicarbonate (HCO3) - (normal arterial blood: 22-26 mmol / l; venous blood: 24-28 mmol / l)
  • Buffer rules (BB)
  • Normal buffer base (NBB) - (NBB standard=40.8+ (0.36xHb g / 100 ml)

In order for the body to function properly, the pH of the blood must be kept within a strictly defined and very narrow range. A drop in pH is indicative of acidosis, an increase of alkalosis. The body has many mechanisms to correct acid-base disorders, the kidneys and lungs play the most important role in this matter. Incorrect blood gas results may indicate damage to these organs.

Blood gas: blood pH below normal

pH values ​​below the norm may indicate:

  • acidic
  • hyperkalemia
  • increased gluconeogenesis
  • metabolic disorders
  • chronic fatigue

Reduced pressure of carbon dioxidemay be evidence of:

  • respiratory alkalosis
  • hypokapnii
  • intracellular metabolic disorders

Blood gas: blood pH above normal

Increased blood pH may be a sign of:

  • hypokalemia
  • polowicach
  • anaerobic glucose activation

Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide can cause:

  • respiratory acidosis
  • narrowing of the blood vessels
  • decreased blood flow
  • increased platelet aggregation
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