Kinesiotherapy means healing with movement. It is based on therapeutic exercises (therapeutic gymnastics). Kinesiotherapy is used not only in the rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal system, but also in people with diseases of the nervous, respiratory, heart, and even the digestive and genitourinary systems. What is kinesiotherapy? What are the indications for its use?

Kinesiotherapy(kinesis - movement, therapeia - treatment) means otherwisetreatment with movementorrehabilitation.Its basis isexercisestherapeutic physical exercises, i.e.therapeutic gymnastics.The aim of kinesiotherapy is to restore or maintain the patient's total or partial physical fitness . Thanks to kinesiotherapy, it is possible to restore normal mobility in the joints as well as muscle strength and endurance, stimulate and improve the functions of the central nervous system, improve the functioning of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, correct posture defects and incorrect movement habits, and adapt the patient to life in the event of permanent disability .

Kinesiotherapy - the impact of movement on the human body

  • muscles, bones and joints - therapeutic gymnastics shapes the locomotor system. Appropriate exercises maintain the full range of motion in the joints or increase it (when it is limited), condition the flexibility and elasticity of the ligaments and joint capsules. In addition, movement contributes to bone calcification - without it, skeletal disorders can occur. Exercise also shapes he althy muscles by increasing their strength and mass. If there is paresis, proper exercise can restore muscle function

Kinesiotherapy belongs to physiotherapy, which is a combination of various forms of movement (kinesiotherapy) with treatment with physical factors (physical therapy) and therapeutic massage.

Kinesiotherapy - indications

  • muscles, bones and joints, incl. posture defects, fractures of limbs, limb amputations, two- and four-limb paralysis, hemiparesis, spine pain, rheumatoid and degenerative joint diseases
  • nervous system - Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, ataxia, peripheral lesions of the nervous system
  • circulatory system - incl. coronary heart disease, angina, strokeof the brain, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, thrombo-obliterative vasculitis, as well as before and after cardiac surgery
  • after cancer - prevention of swelling and contracture after mastectomy
  • respiratory system - incl. presence of atelectasis, pneumothorax or pleural changes and adhesions in post-traumatic conditions and deformities of the spine and chest, in people who are immobilized or with very little physical activity in order to treat pulmonary complications (by systematic breathing exercises, patting the chest)
  • nervous system - active exercises stimulate the nervous system, develop motor memory and the speed and ease of reacting to motor stimuli
  • respiratory system - thanks to the exercises, you can teach the patient the right way to breathe, increase lung capacity, which has an impact on the level of blood oxygenation
  • cardiovascular system - exercise increases the capacity and efficiency of the cardiovascular system
  • digestive and genitourinary system - thanks to appropriate exercise, you can improve the work of the stomach and intestines and indirectly affect the efficiency of the liver and kidneys. Exercise and exercise help prevent constipation and build-up of urine in the urinary tract, which in turn prevents infections and the formation of urinary stones
Important

Kinesiotherapy - contraindications

Indications and contraindications for a specific type of exercise are determined by the rehabilitation team, taking into account the type of disease as well as the current fitness and physical capacity of the patient. The most common contraindications are: acute inflammation of muscles, joints and bones, acute period of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, circulatory and respiratory failure, feverish states, severe general condition of the patient.

Kinesiotherapy - division of therapeutic exercises

Exercises, depending on their impact on the human body, are divided into:

  • topical exercises, e.g. only for joints
  • unequaled exercises - improving general physical fitness, increasing the efficiency of the circulatory and respiratory systems (e.g. swimming, Nordic walking)

Taking into account the method of performance, healing exercises are divided into:

  • passive exercises - are performed by a physiotherapist or with the use of special devices (mechanotherapy) without the participation of the patient
  • active exercises - are performed by the patient under the guidance or with the help of a physiotherapist
  • special exercises - a combination of passive and active exercises that require special guidance by a physiotherapist

Kinesiotherapy also includes gymnasticsequalization and correction.

Bibliography:

Chydziński W., Kinesiotherapeutic techniques used in rehabilitation, PZWL Publishing House, Warsaw

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