Moczki (midges) in front of the eyes is an ailment that can be a symptom of many diseases, not only the eye. Therefore, people who complain of spots in front of their eyes may need the help of a group of specialists: an internist, ophthalmologist, diabetic, as well as a neurologist and cardiologist. Find out what disease manifests itself in scotomas in front of the eyes. What is the cause of flying midges appearing in the field of view?

Dark spots in front of the eyesare blurry, gray or black spots resemblingflying midges , limited to a small area in the field of view. Dark spots appear before our eyes when we look at a bright, uniform background, e.g. a white wall, sheets of paper or a cloudless sky.

Usually scotomas appear singly, but if their number is greater, and additionally they are accompanied by small flashes of light inside the eye, there is cause for concern. You should also consider visiting an ophthalmologist when the scotomas do not change position or disappear after blinking without moving the eyeball. Check the symptom of whichdiseasemay bespots in front of the eyes . What are thereasonsthe appearance of scotoma in front of the eyes?

Mroczki before eyes: floaters in the vitreous body

In he althy people, spots in front of the eyes can be caused by floaters in the vitreous body. As the years go by, the vitreous body (the part of the eye that is filled with the gel-like substance) contracts and disintegrates, and with it the millions of delicate collagen fibers. At the same time, the vitreous liquid becomes more fluid and the resulting debris can float more freely in it, changing the amount of light entering the retina.

Mroczki may appear in young people, but they are most often noticed by people between the ages of 50 and 75, especially if they are nearsighted or have undergone cataract surgery.

Mroczki in front of the eyes: retinal diseases

Detachment or rupture of the retina of the eye

When the retina of the eye breaks off or detaches from the choroid underneath, blood vessels are ruptured. This is when blood cells enter the vitreous, which are perceived as suddenly appearing spots in front of the eyes.

  • Associated symptoms: vision usually deteriorates after bending down sharply or lifting a load.

Inflammation of the retina of the eye

The essence of this rare eye disease is inflammation that affects the arteries and / or veins of the retina.

  • Accompanying symptoms: gradual deterioration of vision.

Mroczki in front of the eyes: diabetic retinopathy

In diabetic retinopathy, the spots in front of the eyes are caused by too much glucose in the blood, which causes the blood vessels of the retina to dilate excessively, and then to damage their walls. As a consequence of hypoxia, the retina produces new pre-retinal vessels. However, they are very weak and break easily, disrupting the functioning of the entire eyeball.

In the initial stage, the disease does not show any symptoms. Only in the advanced stage of diabetic retinopathy do spots appear in front of the eyes

  • Accompanying symptoms: progressive decrease in visual acuity.

Mroczki in front of the eyes: intraocular tumor

A growing tumor presses against the vessels in the eyeball, thereby increasing intraocular pressure, which can damage the optic nerve.

  • Associated symptoms: a person with eye cancer usually also struggles with loss of visual acuity and eye pain. Patients may notice a change in the color of the iris or the appearance of dark spots on it.

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Mroczki in front of the eyes: the presence of foreign bodies in the eye

Fruit fly, fern or sand are the most common foreign bodies that enter the eye and disturb the field of vision. In this case, you cannot rub your eye, just rinse it with clean water or saline. Never remove the foreign body with a tissue, as it additionally irritates the eye.

  • Accompanying symptoms: pain caused by a foreign body "drawing" the eye under the eyelid.

Mroczki before the eyes: vitreous diseases

Vitreous hemorrhage

A head injury or excessive pressure on the eyeball can damage the blood vessels in the retina. Blood flows from the torn vessel and enters the vitreous. If blood particles are near the retina, they can be seen as scotomas. This is a harmless condition, as blood is usually self-absorbed.

Vitreous detachment

With age, the structure of the vitreous changes: it contracts and melts. As a consequence, the anterior connection of the vitreous body with the posterior lens capsule is lost. In people over 65The back connection of the vitreous body and the retina often disappears as well. As the vitreous body contracts, it forms small pieces of tissue that appear in the field of view, giving the impression of scotomas that slowly slide downward with the movement of the eye.

  • Accompanying symptoms: flashes in the eye are very rare.

IMPORTANT! Detachment of the vitreous from the lens increases the risk of retinal detachment. If you see a large number of "flying flies" and a flashing light in your field of vision, see an ophthalmologist.

Sympathetic eye inflammation

Sympathetic eye inflammation is most often the result of a serious injury to this delicate organ.

  • Associated symptoms: blurred vision, loss of eye accommodation, eye pain and photophobia.

Mroczki before eyes: anemia

Anemia, both from iron deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency, is manifested by a complex of ailments characterized by general weakness.

  • Accompanying symptoms: pale complexion, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, palpitations, drowsiness, tinnitus.

Dark spots and headache: migraine with aura

A likely cause of a migraine aura is a decrease in blood flow to specific areas of the brain (including the part where the vision center is located). Central nervous system symptoms, which are dominated by visual disturbances (especially flickering scotomas), increase over a few or several minutes and last up to an hour.

  • Accompanying symptoms: flashes and zigzags in front of the eyes, defects in the field of vision, severe headache, which usually occurs an hour after the onset of scotomas.

Dark spots in front of the eyes: ocular hypertension

We talk about ocular hypertension when increased intraocular pressure (over 21 mm Hg) does not damage the optic nerve. Ocular hypertension is not a disease, but a factor in the development of eye diseases, most often glaucoma (glaucoma occurs when the nerve is damaged with defects in the field of view).

The cause of ocular hypertension may be taking certain medications (mainly steroids), eye trauma, and too little or no fluid secretion from the eyes.

IMPORTANT! Ocular hypertension is asymptomatic. They can only be recognized by an ophthalmologist on the basis of routine examinations.

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Mroczki in front of his eyes after cataract surgery

Mroczki after cataract surgery are usually a temporary symptom after surgery. In this way, the eyes can react to new vision conditions. When the eyesthey get used to the new sharpness of the image, the ailments disappear.

If the cataract was congenital, there is a risk that a bad image was formed in the eye before the procedure. Congenital cataract surgery in adulthood may not help and even after surgery, the patient may see a blurred image.

Dark spots when standing up

If you get out of bed too abruptly after waking up, or if you sit in your chair for several hours, you may get spots in front of your eyes as a result of a sudden drop in blood pressure (too little blood flows to the brain).

Mroczki before my eyes pregnant

  • Double vision, blurred vision, spots in front of the eyes, and visual impairment for more than 2 hours may be signs of pre-eclampsia. This is a condition manifested by high blood pressure. It is the cause of visual disturbances
  • Dark spots in front of the eyes and the accompanying headache may indicate anemia or a deficiency of magnesium or potassium
  • If scotomas are not accompanied by a headache, it is most likely that low blood pressure is responsible for them.

About these symptoms, inform the doctor in charge of the pregnancy.

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Eye diseases and vision disorders