Cutaneous tuberculosis is one of the chronic forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Cutaneous tuberculosis may occur as an independent disease, it may also accompany tuberculosis of the lungs or other internal organs. What are the types of cutaneous tuberculosis, what are the symptoms and what is the treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis?

Skin tuberculosisis a chronic skin disease that takes many forms. It can have different symptoms depending on the type. Infection is spread through the bloodstream, lymph (i.e. lymph) or by direct contact with a sick person.

Ulcerative tuberculosis of the skin: causes, symptoms

Ulcerative cutaneous tuberculosis can take one of the three forms of cutaneous tuberculosis, the main symptom of each of which is ulceration;

  • primary ulcerative tuberculosis , the so-called primary skin syndrome - ulceration occurs at the site of the penetration of the germ and the surrounding lymph nodes increase; affects infants and young children who come into contact with tuberculosis for the first time;
  • ulcerative tuberculosis from superinfectionis an infiltrative ulcer, enlargement of the surrounding lymph nodes (resembles primary syphilis); attacks people with very high immunity who have become seriously infected;
  • self-infectious ulcerative tuberculosisare ulcers that appear on the oral mucosa, lip, urethral opening and skin around the anus; appears in people with severe breakdown tuberculosis of internal organs.

Skin spreading tuberculosis: causes, symptoms

Dermal tuberculosis - the symptom is skin lesions most often located in the submandibular area and on the side of the neck, in children sometimes above the corner of the mouth, around the groin, breastbone or buttocks. Skin eruptions lead to the formation of fistulas, with time creating extensive scars.

Skin lichen tuberculosis: causes, symptoms

Lichenous tuberculosis of the skin - the symptom is symmetrical, painless and non-itchy sowing of small, pink papules, clustering but not merging with each other. It appears as a result of the action of toxins from disintegrated mycobacteria in tuberculous foci in internal organs. It occurs in people in good general condition, sometimes after a tuberculin test or during treatmentanti-tuberculosis.

Lupus tuberculosis: causes and symptoms

Lupus tuberculosis (tuberculosis lupus, wolf) - the most common cutaneous tuberculosis, characterized by a chronic course with numerous relapses. Skin lesions appear as soft, yellowish-brown lupus nodules. It leaves ulcers that scar, and years later, as a late complication, skin can develop squamous cell carcinoma.

Papillary skin tuberculosis: causes and symptoms

Papillary tuberculosis of the skin - the lesion often initially resembles a normal wart, but has an inflammatory infiltrate at the base and grows rather quickly, causing extensive distortions, this form of cutaneous tuberculosis may be accompanied by inflammation of the adjacent vessels and lymph nodes.

Tuberculosis tuberculosis gangrenosum: causes, symptoms

Tuberculosis tuberculosis gangrenosum of the skin - occurring most often on the extensible parts of the limbs - numerous nodular eruptions spread over the skin, often necrotizing and forming ulcers. It has an excessively strong reaction to tuberculin.

Miliary tuberculosis of the skin: causes, symptoms

Miliary tuberculosis of the skin gives rapid symptoms: the patient's general condition worsens, various skin eruptions (papules, disintegrating nodules, hemorrhagic lesions) appear all over the skin. It appears as a result of generalized, blood-borne sowing of tuberculosis mycobacteria into the skin.

Skin tuberculosis: treatment

Treatment of each form of cutaneous tuberculosis is very difficult - antibiotic treatment can last for many months. The method of treatment also depends on whether the skin tuberculosis is associated with organ, nodal or skeletal tuberculosis. Usually, a combination therapy with the usual antituberculosis drugs - isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol - is used. To reduce the risk of bacteria becoming resistant to the antibiotic, several drugs are given at the same time. The treatment regimen is extended when organ tuberculosis is found.

Category:

Infectious diseases