Bronchiolitis is a very common disease - it accompanies lung or bronchial diseases, or is a separate disease. What are the symptoms of bronchiolitis and how is the treatment going?
Bronchiolitis is very common, but does not necessarily have any symptoms. They accompany interstitial lung diseases, bronchial diseases or cystic fibrosis, but can also be the underlying pathology.
Bronchiolitis can be divided into:
- obstructive bronchiolitis,
- acute bronchiolitis,
- diffuse bronchiolitis,
- bronchiolitis caused by substances entering the lungs directly, for example mineral dust, tobacco, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide or gastric contents as a result of aspiration,
- bronchiolitis due to ingestion of toxic substances such as penicillamine or gold.
Depending on the type of inflammation, the symptoms differ, the course of treatment and symptoms are also different.
Bronchiolitis - bronchiolitis occlusive
This disease is caused by fibrosis of the bronchioles, which results in narrowing or even closure of their lumen. It often appears in the course of rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, viral infections, as well as the use of silver s alt or penicillamine, or consumption of Sauropus androgynus - a popular vegetable in Asia.
Chronic rejection syndrome may develop as a result of heart, stem cell, or lung transplantation.
Symptoms:
The dominant symptoms are cough and shortness of breath.
Treatment:
Treatment consists of the use of antibiotics such as azromycin for three months. Retransplantations are considered in patients with advanced obstructive obliteration syndrome.
Bronchiolitis - acute bronchiolitis
Acute bronchiolitis is characterized by edema and epithelial necrosis. There is exudate and mucus in the lumen of the bronchioles. Children most often suffer from RSV infection. In adults, acute bronchiolitis may be caused by aspiration or aspiration into the airways.toxic respiratory gases.
Symptoms:
The manifestation of this disease is rapid breathing. The exhalation phase is prolonged, you hear whistling sounds.
Treatment:
The disease is usually mild and does not require hospitalization.
Bronchiolitis - diffuse bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis is accompanied by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. In the lumen of the bronchioles, exudate accumulates, the organization of which can cause the formation of polyps. This condition occurs mainly in Asia.
Symptoms:
The disease is manifested by coughing accompanied by expectoration of purulent sputum and shortness of breath. Symptoms of sinusitis are also present. The course of the disease is chronic and progressive.
Treatment:
Treatment is based on the administration of marolide antibiotics such as erythromycin.
Bronchiolitis - inflammation of the respiratory bronchioles
Inflammation of the respiratory bronchioles occurs in tobacco smokers. Pigmented macrophages accumulate in the respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveoli.
Symptoms:
Usually the only manifestation of the disease is chronic cough.
Treatment:
No drug therapy is recommended, one is suggested to stop smoking.
Bronchiolitis due to exposure to mineral dust
Contact with mineral dusts such as asbestos, iron oxide, carbon, aluminum oxide, talc, mica or silicates usually develops interstitial lung lesions, but bronchiolitis can also occur. Inflammation and the process of fibrosis develop.
Bronchiolitis - follicular bronchiolitis
In this disease there is an overgrowth of peribronchial lymph nodes. This dysfunction is classified as a benign lymphatic hyperplasia.
Symptoms:
A symptom that appears in follicular bronchiolitis is increasing shortness of breath.
Treatment:
Antibiotics, bronchodilators and glucocorticosteroids are used.