A precancerous condition is such a pathological change in an organ (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach and large intestine) that predisposes it to develop cancer. It occurs frequently, but it turns into neoplasms with different frequency and at different times. Treatment consists in the complete destruction or removal of the altered tissues.

Pre-cancerous condition( precancerous ) is a pathology on the basis of which, in statistical terms, it may develop more often than in the case of other diseases. the tumor becomes.Pre-cancerous conditioncan take a long time - it is a long-term process. However, when the neoplastic transformation begins, it is irreversible and, consequently, we deal with the development of neoplasm.

Pre-cancerous condition in the mouth

  • leukoplakia-the disease is three times more common in men than in women and develops between the ages of 40 and 60. Leukoplakia initially looks like a clouding of the oral mucosa. Later, gray-white spots appear within it, which thicken and merge with time. Foci of leukoplakia are most often visible on the mucosa of the cheeks, lips, tongue and palate
  • red Queyrata keratosis - rarely found in the oral cavity. Queyrat erythroplasia appears as lesions: they are bright red in color, have a flat, shiny, slightly moist surface, are clearly demarcated from the surroundings, are single or multiple
  • lichen planus - most often appears in the form of symmetrical white stripes located at the level of the contact line of the teeth on the mucosa of the cheeks
  • Plummer-Vinson syndrome - Plummer-Vinson syndrome consists of a set of symptoms that include difficulty swallowing (due to contracture of the esophagus), ulceration in the corner of the mouth, burning tongue, anemia

Pre-cancerous condition in esophagus

  • esophageal achalasia - is a disease whose characteristic symptom is dysphagia, i.e. disturbed swallowing. as the disease progresses, it becomes more difficult to swallow fluids (including saliva), which may be accompanied by choking or choking. There is also a burning sensation or an unpleasant aftertaste resulting from regurgitation of food into the mouth. Sick people can complainalso for coughs, heartburn and chest pain
  • so-called Barrett's esophagus - Barrett's esophagus is a condition that can progress to cancer of the esophagus. First there is heartburn - an unpleasant burning sensation in the esophagus. When heartburn occurs frequently and regularly, it can lead to reflux and inflammation of the esophagus with the accompanying reflux of food from the stomach. Prolonged inflammation can, in turn, scar and turn the he althy squamous epithelium that lines the esophagus into a degenerated cylindrical epithelium. People with detected lesions of the type of Barrett's esophagus must be particularly intensively treated by a gastroenterologist

Pre-cancerous stomach

  • gastric intraepithelial neoplasia - this is a severe dysplasia of the gastric mucosa. The diagnosis can be made only in the histopathological examination of the specimen collected during the gastroscopy.

Pre-cancerous condition in the large intestine

  • familial polyposis - it is a genetically determined disease. It consists in the presence of many polyps in the large intestine and rectum (from one hundred and more). The first polyps appear in the large intestine often by the age of 15. Treatment should be started already then. If left untreated, polyps turn into cancer around the age of 40. Treatment of familial polyposis is surgical and involves the removal of the large intestine containing the polyps before they are transformed into cancer. The best results are achieved by operating on familial polyposis between the ages of 15 and 25
  • inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) - patients with IBD are at risk of developing cancer. This applies especially to people who began to fall ill in early life, are sick for 8-10 years and have the entire large intestine affected by an inflammatory infiltrate

Category:

Oncology