You are over 40, getting closer to fifty; colleagues are treating wreath, stomach ulcers, hypertension. How can you make the most of your life without risking a stroke or heart attack? What preventive examinations should every 40-year-old man do?
You should fear atherosclerosis the most, because you probably eat badly, smoke, do not play sports and maybe you have the genes that cause this disease. The second most dangerous risk is diabetes mellitus type II (so-called diabetes of mature age). And finally, a malfunctioning thyroid and prostatic hypertrophy. It is better to counteract them than to start treatment when the disease develops. But who saw a real man wasting time and money onresearch ? It's not in your nature, is it? It's a pity. Perhaps it is because taking care of their he alth is not in their nature,menlive shorter lives than women and more often suffer from serious diseases.
Meanwhile, one visit to a good laboratory is enough, where you can do simple and cheap tests, showing not only all the abnormalities in the functioning of the body, but also the tendency to their occurrence.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: morphology
This is done to determine if there is anemia or anemia (2% of men suffer from it). An increase in the number of white blood cells (WBC) is evidence of inflammation or infection, leukemia or severe stress. A drop in your white blood cell count could be a sign of collagen-deficient bone marrow, liver, spleen or coronary disease. The WBC standard is 4500-10000 in a milliliter of blood.
The norm of the red blood cell count (RBC) is 4.7-6.1 million per ul (microliter). An increase in their number may indicate pulmonary fibrosis, hypoxia or dehydration. A decline suggests anemia, kidney disease, leukemia, or malnutrition.
Increased hemoglobin level to the upper limit of normal (12.5-18.0 g / dl) may indicate poor blood oxygenation, and thus the beginning of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It also means the so-called hematocrit (the ratio of the number of red blood cells to other blood components; the norm is 40-54%) A high level indicates high blood density, which impedes circulation and causes blood clots.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: ESR (Biernacki's reaction)
Points toinflammatory process. ESR is considered to be one of the general tumor markers. The norm for men is 8-15 / h (red blood cells fall after one hour).
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: glucose level, i.e. blood sugar
Helps you determine your diabetes risk. A highsugar level(also known as hyperglycemia) is always a sign of diabetes. A deficiency (called hypoglycaemia) may or may not be related to diabetes. It also occurs in people who have not eaten for a long time or are very tired. It can also be evidence of liver disease, poisoning, an overactive adrenal cortex or an underactive thyroid gland. The standard for the presence of glucose in the blood serum is 70-100 mg / dl (3.9-6.1 mmol / l).
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: lipid profile
It is measured to determine your cholesterol level. Almost 80 percent. men have an elevated level, and the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease increases by 9%. for every 10 mg / dL cholesterol. By marking the so-called bad LDL cholesterol (the norm is 2.2-4.0 mmol / l, the limit limit is 135 mg / dl), the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction can be detected. Good HDL cholesterol (the more the better) is needed by the body to make vitamin D, bile acid, and sex hormones. Men with low HDL levels are prone to ischemic heart disease.
The level of triglycerides is also measured. If they exceed the established norms (the so-called hypertriglycerinemia), they may indicate the risk of acute pancreatitis, which happens to men who like fatty foods sprinkled with strong alcohol.
Too low triglyceride levels are seen in people who are malnourished, suffer from malabsorption syndrome or have damaged intestines.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: uric acid levels
It is also related to diet. Its excess is deposited in the blood serum due to an innate predisposition, but it is favored by eating large amounts of meat. This is called hyperuricemia. If you neglect your treatment and do not change your diet, a so-called gout. It consists in the deposition of crystals of this acid in the joints. It is often confused with rheumatism because all joints and bones hurt. It is worth limiting meat consumption; acid crystals will be flushed out of the body over time. Elevated levels of uric acid in the blood plasma (normal: 3.5-7 mg / l) may indicate the onset of cancer, kidney failure, psoriasis and some liver diseases.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: magnesium level
It is studied because its deficiency is very common and it manifests itselfsymptoms resembling cardiac pains, general breakdown, acute headache, constant fatigue. The norm of magnesium in the blood serum is 1.95-2.95 mg /%. The best source of this element is buckwheat. You can also take ready-made preparations. The level of magnesium levels off quite quickly and the symptoms disappear.
Prophylactic examinations of a 40-year-old: prostate antigen (PSA)
Every man should carry out such an examination, even if he does not feel the slightest discomfort. In addition to the laboratory examination, it is necessary to visit the urologist to examine the prostate gland per rectum (through the anus). This is the easiest way to detect colon cancer. PSA norms change with age, but in general the result should not exceed 4 ng / ml. For men between 40 and 49 years of age, the norm is 2.5 ng / ml.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels
Allows you to assess the work of the thyroid gland. Increased concentration means hyperthyroidism, and decreased concentration means hypothyroidism.
Screening of a 40-year-old: general urinalysis
It allows you to evaluate the functioning of the urinary system. The substances in the urine tell us what is wrong with our body. Even the smell of urine may indicate an illness. Sweet, fruity indicates diabetes. If your urine stinks, you are most likely infected withE bacteria. coli.Reaction should be acidic; alkaline indicates a tendency to stone formation. Kidney stones are common in men in their forties; sediment components help determine what causes stone formation. Protein in the urine is evidence of inflammation. With the so-called in the urine culture, the presence of bacteria, yeast, or parasites is detected, which indicates a urinary tract infection.
Preventive examinations of a 40-year-old: feces
After 50, you need to check your stools for blood, which may be the first symptom of colorectal cancer.
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