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If cancer has spread to successive generations of your family, you may be at risk of developing cancer. You can go to a genetic clinic and ask for tests to be performed to see if you have the genes that cause cancer.
When the doctor learns from the first interview that you have reason to fear that you will suffer fromcancerin the future, you will be a participant in the preventive program. You won't pay for anysurveys . People who are not in therisk group , but only want to know if they are at risk of cancer, have to pay for such tests.
Cancer: Genetic Research
The genes we believe are the cause of cancer are most often tested. The data below comes from the International Hereditary Cancer Center.
- BRCA1- a mutation in this gene increases the risk of breast cancer almost 10 times, and ovarian cancer 30-40 times. Gene mutations are responsible for 3 percent. cases of breast cancer and 14 percent. cases of ovarian cancer.
- MSH2, MLH1, MSH6- their presence increases the risk of colorectal and endometrial cancer from 10 to 40 times. These genes account for 2.5 percent. cases of colon cancer.
- APC- the mutation increases the risk of colorectal cancer 40 times.
- Rb1- increases the risk of eye cancer, the so-called retinoblastoma.
- NOD2- the presence of the gene increases the risk of colorectal cancer 2.5 times and is the cause of 15 percent. cases of this disease.
- CHEK2- increases the risk of many cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and papillary cancer of the thyroid gland.
- I157T- may increase the risk of prostate cancer, breast cancer, papillary cancer of the thyroid gland, kidney and colon.
- INBS1- its presence may double the risk of breast cancer and 4 times the risk of prostate cancer.
- DKN2A (P16)- the presence of the gene increases the risk of melanoma twice and the risk of breast cancer 1.5 times.
Determining the presence of dangerous genes should encourage us to take special care of our own he alth. And so, people with a predisposition to developing colorectal cancer from the age of 25 should undergo a colonoscopy every 2 years.Women with a tendency to develop breast cancer should not use contraception and HRT, because external hormones may accelerate the development of the disease. Whoever has a predisposition to developing kidney cancer should regularly undergo ultrasound of the abdominal cavity after the age of 40, and in the case of a family history of thyroid cancer, from the age of 20, each year undergo a thyroid test.
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