Anorchia, hypogonadism, and Klinefelter syndrome only affect men. It's testicular disease. Fortunately, the incidence rate is low. What are they, what are their effects and how are they treated?
Diseases of the testicles: anorchia
Anorchiais a congenital bilateral lack oftesticles . There is also no scrotum, and the penis is poorly developed. Boys in adolescence do not have male facial hair or pubic hair. They don't mutate and their muscles develop poorly. In adulthood, they have disproportionate long limbs (so-called eunuchoid features). Hormone treatment may cause the development of secondary sexual characteristics (e.g. lengthening the penis, increasing muscle strength), butinfertilityis irreversible.
Testicular diseases: hypogonadism
It is a consequence of the hormonal insufficiency of the testicles. Primary hypogonadism may develop after testicular inflammation, physical trauma, or radiation to the testicles. Until the age of 15, the disease develops without any symptoms. Later, it is clearly seen that the boy is not maturing - he does not mutate, he has no facial hair, and his sexual organs remain small. Around the age of 19, there is very little underarm hair, and the stubble on the head goes low to the forehead. Already after the age of 30, clear wrinkles appear on the face, the skin becomes wax-colored, and the upper eyelids are constantly swollen. Treatment consists of many years of testosterone administration.
Testicular diseases: Klinefelter's syndrome
Patients have very small testicles and gynecomastia (enlarged breasts), which after the age of 50 often ends in the development of breast cancer. Most men go to the endocrinologist at the age of 18-20 (directed by a military commission, usually due to sexual immaturity). Klinefelter's syndrome is associated with erectile dysfunction and loss of libido. Patients often run into conflicts with the environment, but are strongly attached to their mother, sometimes intellectually retarded. They are usually tall, with long limbs and a feminine figure, haunted by their tendency to obesity. The only drug that alleviates the effects of the disease is testosterone.