Basic preventive examinations include: general urine test. Why is it worth doing such preventive examinations? A general urine test helps to assess the function of the kidneys and urinary system, and to monitor the functioning of the liver. A urine test also detects diabetes and jaundice.
Among thebasic preventive examinationsthis examination is the least troublesome.General urine testingrequires the least effort. It is enough to buy a sterile, tightly closed container at a pharmacy for a few pennies. In the morning, a quick wash (so that the urine is sterile) and pee into a container, which must be delivered to the laboratory within four hours.Preventive urine examinationgives the doctor a lot of valuable information about our he alth, so it is worth doing this preventive examination regularly.
Basic prophylactic examinations - result of general urine test
- Urine specific gravity. Already from this simple information, the doctor can see if the kidneys are functioning well, so it is an effective preventive examination. Urine specific gravity (1.016 to 1.022 kg / l) must always be greater than water (1,000 kg / l). If it becomes as light as water, it may be a sign that the kidneys are not concentrating urine, and this is the first sign of kidney failure.
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Color of urine. In a prophylactic examination, the color of urine should be straw yellow with a different level of saturation. Almost clear urine indicates that you have drunk a lot of fluids, and a dark yellow urine may suggest little hydration. A different color of urine, from bluish green to red to brown, does not necessarily signify an illness. It can be caused by food or the medications we take. Read more about it: Urine color. What can the color of urine mean?
- Urine reaction. It should be slightly acidic - pH 5.5. A more alkaline pH of 6 and above may occur in people on a vegetarian and dairy diet. However, it can also mean inflammation of the urinary system or some types of kidney stones, as well as increased potassium levels or hyperparathyroidism. More acidic urine - people who eat a lot of meat have a pH of 5.0. A reaction below 5.0 could indicate dehydration or a fever.
- Clarity is also assessed in the urinalysis. The urine should be clear or slightly opalescent. Cloudy urine may be a sign of presencered blood cells, leukocytes, bacteria or uric acid, particles of fat and epithelium.
- Urobilinogen. A urine dye some concentrations of which may signal disease. The sign "+" next to urobilinogenie means norm. "+++" indicates jaundice. Lack of urobilinogen can mean cholestasis - cholestasis.
Urine general examination - what should not be in the urine
- Protein. The presence of protein in the urine is worrying, and more research needs to be done to see what causes it.
- Glucose. Sugar in the urine indicates diabetes.
- Bilirubin. If there is bilirubin in the urine, liver disease may be suspected: viral inflammation, cirrhosis, or cancer.
- Ketone bodies. Their presence most often indicates diabetes. It can also be a symptom of kidney failure. Ketone bodies happen to people who are malnourished and in feverish states.
- Rolls and bacteria in the sediment. Rolls, depending on the type found in the sediment, may indicate kidney diseases: failure, pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis. Single bacteria are allowed in the urine, more of them indicates an infection.