A lean diet is a diet low in fiber. It is not a slimming diet, but a therapeutic diet that is used in inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's disease. Only products that contain trace amounts of fiber do not irritate the intestinal mucosa and thus do not cause inflammation. What is a lean diet? What are the principles of a low-fiber diet for bowel disease?

Low-residue diet , otherwiselow-fiber dietorresidue-free , this is a diet that to conserve the intestine by eliminating fiber-rich foods from the diet, which are irritating to the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, a low-residual diet contains a minimum amount of plant polysaccharides (fiber, hemicellulose, lignin, pectins, gums) that are not digested in the human gastrointestinal tract.

Low-residual diet - rules. What is a low-fiber diet?

The basic diet of a he althy person should contain 30-40 grams of plant polysaccharides. A low-residue diet provides a maximum of 10 grams of fiber per day. Therefore, the basis of a low-fiber diet are refined cereal products, such as: high-mill wheat bread, husked rice, pasta. At the same time, you should eliminate raw fruit, especially stone fruit, nuts and vegetables rich in dietary fiber from the menu. You should limit the consumption of coarse-grained groats, porridge and wholemeal bread, as well as spicy spices and alcohol.

One of the most common symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease is diarrhea, in which the body's water and electrolyte balance is disturbed and the patient loses large amounts of protein. For this reason, theresidue-free dietshould be high-energy (2,000-3,000 kcal / day), high-protein (80-120 g / day), and low-fat (50-70 g / day). You should eat 5-6 smaller meals a day at regular intervals so as not to overload the digestive system.

In the initial stage of the disease or its exacerbations, a liquid diet is recommended, e.g. weak tea, blueberry juice with gelatin, or carrot puree. Liquid products are quickly digested, so that the residual food does not irritate the membraneintestinal mucosa. The liquid diet is followed for about 3-4 days until the symptoms disappear. As the symptoms subside, you can add delicate types of cooked meat, fish, poultry, mashed potatoes to the diet. Fruit and vegetables should be served cooked when the stools are firm.

All meals should be boiled, baked in foil or stewed. It is not recommended to fry and bake food in the traditional way.

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Low-residual diet - in the prevention and treatment of which diseases is a low-fiber diet helpful?

Low-residual dietis recommended for people suffering from diarrhea, as well as for patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis). It should be used by patients suffering from a narrowing of the intestine (e.g. when there are tumors, polyps). Patients should follow a low-fiber diet before a colon examination (colonoscopy) and after some surgical procedures.

Read also: Diet for diarrhea. What to eat when you have diarrhea?

Low-residual diet - recommended products. What can you eat?

  • light stale bread, wheat rolls, rusks
  • wheat flour
  • noodles, semolina
  • dairy products: skim milk, skim cottage cheese
  • soft-boiled eggs
  • lean meats and cold cuts: veal, beef, turkey, skinless chicken, lean poultry ham, e.g. turkey sirloin
  • lean fish: cod, pike perch, pike, cod, trout, bream
  • fats: butter, soft margarine, olive oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil
  • vegetables: carrots, spinach, dill, green lettuce, tomato, cooked vegetables
  • fruit: apples, bananas, berries, apricots (also in the form of purees and juices)
  • mild spices: dill, cinnamon, limited s alt, vegeta
  • tea
  • sweets: biscuits, biscuits; limited: sugar, honey, jam, jelly, crisps, waffles, pudding jelly
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Low-residual diet - contraindicated products

  • rye bread and wholemeal bread
  • rye flour
  • coarse-grained groats
  • thick pasta
  • dairy products: fat milk, cream, Feta cheese, fatty cheeses,
  • fried eggs
  • carbonated drinks
  • fatty meats andcold cuts: pork, mutton, offal, duck, goose, bacon, pate, black pudding
  • oily fish: eel, halibut, herring, mackerel, and all kinds of canned fish
  • fats: lard, bacon, cubed margarines
  • french fries, fries, crisps
  • fried soups, seasoned with sour cream
  • vegetables: beans, lentils, peas, cucumbers, cabbage, mushrooms, cauliflower, onions, radishes
  • legumes
  • fruit: pears, cherries, nuts, almonds, sesame, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, grapes, figs
  • hot spices: pepper, mustard, chilli, garlic, onion etc.
  • sweets: chocolate, cakes, pies
  • coffee
  • alcohol

Category:

Diets