What bacteria are in the digestive system at birth?
Hello,
The intestinal flora of newborns and infants is variable. Colonization (colonization) with microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract of newborns occurs during childbirth and in the first few days after birth. Bacterial colonization takes place in the intestinal lumen, in the mucosa and on the mucosa surface. The first microorganisms are Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriacae and Streptococcus bacteria. The composition of the intestinal flora depends on the type of delivery - whether it is natural or caesarean section, the age of the woman giving birth and the way of nourishing the newborn right after birth - by breast or bottle. In breastfed babies, the baby's intestine is populated by lactic acid-producing bacteria, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. In bottle-fed babies, anaerobic bacteria are predominant - similar to adults, but Bifidobacterium is predominant. In the following days and weeks or months (the matter varies individually), the composition of the intestinal flora of infants begins to resemble the intestinal flora of adults. In children, the content of anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteriodes, Eubacteria, Peptococcae gradually increases. On the other hand, the content of streptococci and coliform bacteria is reduced. The presence of the so-called the intestinal microflora is very important.
When there is no microflora, there are significant changes in the structure of the digestive tract wall: the wall is much thinner, the epithelium lining the intestines is lower and the so-called crypts (depressions) shallower. The contra-angle is extended. As a result of the above-mentioned changes, the activity of the child's immune system decreases, the activity of enzymes in the child's digestive tract also decreases, and the intestinal content changes its reaction (it becomes clearly alkaline). The intestinal peristalsis is significantly inhibited, as are the digestive processes, while the absorption of simple sugars is increased. Ultimately, an adult man develops a rich gastrointestinal microflora, which differs slightly in composition in individual sections of the gastrointestinal tract. And so in the stomach there are Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriacae, and yeasts. The following bacteria are present in the duodenum and jejunum: Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and yeasts. In the ileum there are Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus,Enteerobacteriacae, Staphylococcus, Clostridium and yeasts. There are Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, Fusobacterium, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Colinsella, and yeasts in the large intestine. As you can see, the bacterial flora in the digestive tract is very rich, but only some species are important, they are: Bifidobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Fusobacterium, Enterobacterium, Eubacterium.
Regards Dr. n.med. Krystyna Knypl
Remember that our expert's answer is informative and will not replace a visit to the doctor.
Krystyna KnyplInternist, hypertensiologist, editor-in-chief of "Gazeta dla Lekarzy".
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