Cardiomyopathies is a term covering a group of heart diseases that lead to its dysfunction and that are not associated with congenital heart defects, hypertension or coronary artery disease. Cardiomyopathy, or a malfunction of the heart, can have many causes. Find out what the types of cardiac cardiomyopathy are.
Cardiomyopathiesis a group of heart diseases that lead to heart dysfunction, which prevents the body from supplying blood to the body. Initiallycardiomyopathies may be asymptomatic , but as the disease progresses, circulatory failure occurs, which manifests itself as:
- shortness of breath - at first it appears only during exercise, and then also at rest
- palpitations, which is a symptom of arrhythmias,
- swelling of the lower limbs
- excessive fatigue
- cough
Cardiomyopathy - types
Primary cardiomyopathies
- genetic cardiomyopathies
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy - isolated left ventricular noncompaction - myocardial conduction disorder with primary Purkinje fiber damage - congenital long QT syndrome - Brugada syndrome - congenital short QT syndrome
- mixed cardiomyopathies (genetic and extra-genetic)
- dilated cardiomyopathy- restrictive cardiomyopathy
- acquired cardiomyopathies
- "tako-tsubo" syndrome or stress-induced cardiomyopathy- inflammatory- perinatal- alcoholic
Secondary cardiomyopathies
Tocardiomyopathies , which may appear in the course of certain diseases, as a result of the use of certain medications or poisoning with heavy metals or chemicals. Conditions that may be associated with cardiomyopathy include:
- amyloidosis
- storage diseases - Gaucher disease, hemochromatosis, Pompe disease
- diabetes
- hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism
- hypoparathyroidism
- pheochromocytoma
- acromegaly
- sarcoidosis
- collagen diseases, e.g. systemic lupus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma (scleroderma)
Cardiomyopathy - diagnosis
Recognitioncan be based on echocardiography, which provides information about the morphology and function of the heart.
Cardiomyopathy - treatment
Beta-blockers and calcium channel antagonists are commonly used. Surgery may also be necessary, for example, in the case of dilated cardiomyopathy, it may be necessary to implant a cardioverter-defibrillator to prevent sudden death from ventricular fibrillation.