Symptoms of poisoning with some mushrooms may appear only 2-3 weeks after consumption. Gastrointestinal complaints are the mildest of them. Toxins from inedible fungi lead to coma, liver damage, drooling and even death. Before you go mushroom picking, check if you can distinguish between edible and poisonous mushrooms.

Every yearmushroom poisoning . Fortunately, in most cases they are limited to gastrointestinal ailments. However, fatal poisonings can still occur. The toadstool is most often responsible for them.

Which mushrooms are the easiest to confuse with each other?

Among the fairy tales you can find some ways of distinguishing poisonous mushrooms from edible ones, for example that the latter are bitter, stinging.Toadstoolhas a mild, sweet flavor. It is also wrong to believe that fruiting bodies eaten by animals are safe for us.

The only sure way to distinguish edible mushrooms from poisonous mushrooms is to know their morphological features. Toadstool very much resembles a kite, a greenish dove, a yellow goose, therefore it is the most common cause of fatal poisoning.

Equally toxicVenomous toadstoolimitates kites in appearance, and shreds mimics a goat or mushroom. We take the bleached funnel for roadside tartare, and chestnut moss as morels. Curtains resemble red pine trees.

The most dangerous doubles of edible mushrooms are lamellar mushrooms. So it is better to put only the tubular ones in the basket, because the most toxic ones are not among them.

ATTENTION!Let's not pick young fruiting bodies, because they have not developed species characteristics yet. Always twist the mushrooms. When they are whole, it is easier to tell edible from poisonous.

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Poisonous toxins in mushrooms

The most dangerous of them isamanitin . It is found in some toadstools (stinkhorn, spring, poisonous), chubajeczki, rimed helmets. It is very stronga toxin that cannot be eliminated by boiling, frying, drying (it dies only at 290 ° C). It is very durable. Lasts for 10 years. It completely destroys the liver cells, but also damages the kidneys and nervous system. Giromitrin, hidden in the chestnut leafworm, is toxic to the central nervous system, damages the kidneys and liver. Not only mushrooms are poisonous, but also the vapors generated during their cooking.

In turn,orelanin , found in curtains, damages the kidneys. A large group of fungi contain compounds that irritate the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. Muscarine is found in some funnels, and in some funnels, it causes transient disturbances in the heart and breathing.

Some mushrooms contain toxins (e.g.muscymol ) causing excitement, hallucinations, loss of consciousness. Others contain LSD-like narcotic substances (e.g.psilocin ).

In common black pepper there iscoprine . It is harmless, as long as you do not drink alcohol for 2-3 days after eating it. It blocks its decomposition, so it has an effect similar to Esperal.

What to do in case of mushroom poisoning?

If we suspect mushroom poisoning, induce vomiting and secure some of the vomit for mycological examination, and then report to the hospital. Not every poisoning is a fairly mild gastrointestinal syndrome, occurring 3-5 hours after eating mushrooms containing compounds that irritate the gastric and intestinal mucosa.

Symptoms typical of him (vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea) may indicate poisoning with toadstool, spring, venomous toadstool. In this case, however, gastric disorders begin to bother later, after 6-24 hours, when the toxins have already penetrated the blood. After 1-2 days, there is a brief improvement in well-being, and then symptoms of irreversible damage to the liver (jaundice, hepatic coma) and other organs leading to death appear.

Apart from gastric symptoms, there are also other symptoms of poisoning. About 2 hours after eating shreds, small funnels, containing significant amounts of muscarin, there is, among others, drooling, miosis, drenching sweats, slow heart rate; red and spotted toadstool - pupil dilation, agitation, hallucinations, dry mouth, balance disorders.

Sometimes symptoms appear very late. In case of poisoning with veins (kidney pain, hematuria, scanty urination, weakness), they may appear even after 2-3 weeks. Therefore, if we have any doubts about the species of the harvested mushroom, let's throw it away immediately.

Thiswill be useful to you

Inedible but non-toxic mushrooms

There are many mushrooms that are not poisonous but have an unpleasant smell and taste, are tough and stringy. An example is bile bitterness, commonly known as Satan, which is bitter. Other mushrooms are very difficult to digest, so avoid eating them, although they have a pleasant smell and taste.

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