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Alkaline phosphatase (Falk, FAL, FZ, ALP alkaline phosphatase) is one of the parameters in the biochemical test. It's a type of enzyme found mainly in the bones, but also in the liver and intestines, and is involved in the metabolism of phosphate. Check the alkaline phosphatase standards.

Alkaline Phosphatase (Falk, FAL, FZ, ALP Alkaline Phosphatase)occurs in bones, liver and intestines, and ALP level testing is mainly used in the diagnosis of bone and liver diseases.

Alkaline phosphatase: norms in biochemical testing

The norms of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the biochemical test are:

  • newborns - 50-165 U / l
  • children - 20-150 U / l
  • adults - 20-70 U / l

where:

  • bone fraction - 50-60% of total enzyme activity,
  • liver fraction - 10-20% of total enzyme activity,
  • intestinal fraction accounting for 30% of total enzyme activity.

Increased level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Increased levels of alkaline phosphatase may indicate bone diseases, such as rickets, osteomalacia - bone softening due to loss of calcium and phosphorus, or cancer, among others duodenum, liver and bile ducts. In addition, the cause of elevated ALP may be:

  • vitamin D deficiency
  • deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the diet
  • kidney disease
  • intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis
  • infectious mononucleosis
  • secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with impaired metabolism of vitamin D
  • cytomegaly in infants
  • long-term treatment with furosemide

In premature babies, in the third trimester of pregnancy and in adolescence, an increased level of alkaline phosphatase is the physiological norm.

Decreased level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

A decrease in the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) means hypophosphatazenia - lack of proper calcium deposition in bones and bone growth disorders - cretinism, ascorbic acid deficiency, achondroplasia.

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